Katherine Howard: A New History Read Online Free Page A

LP, X, 282.
66.Hall, Chronicle , p. 818.
67.Wriothesley, Chronicle , p. 33.
68.De Carles, Poeme sur la Mort d’Anne Boleyn , lines 317-26, in Ascoli, La Grande Bretagne devant l’Opinion Francaise.
69. LP, X, 283.
70.J.A. Froude, The Reign of Henry the Eighth, ii. xii., p. 187.
71.Gerald Brenan and Edward Stratham, The House of Howard (London, 1907), pp. 183-4.
72. P , X, 726.
73.Ibid, X, 873.
74.Starkey, Six Queens , p. 564.
75.Historians such as Ives, Anne , and A. Weir, The Lady in the Tower: The Fall of Anne Boleyn (Jonathan Cape, 2009) favour the first argument; Warnicke, Rise and fall , believes that the queen miscarried a deformed child, leading to her execution; Bernard, Fatal Attractions , contends that she was guilty of the charges of adultery and incest; and others, such as Suzannah Lipscomb and Starkey, Six Queens , favour the queen’s indiscriminating conversations.
76.See Starkey, Six Queens , pp. 564-6.
77.Hall, Chronicle , p. 819.
78.Wriothesley, Chronicle , p. 36.
79. LP , X, 793.
80.See Elisabeth Wheeler, Men of power: court intrigue in the life of Catherine Howard (Martin Wheeler Publishing, 2008), pp. 110-11.
81. LP , X, 726.
82.Ibid.
83.See Lyndal Roper, Oedipus and the Devil: Witchcraft, sexuality and religion in early modern Europe (Routledge, 1994), pp. 136-8, 188.
84.Warnicke, Rise and fall , p. 216.
85.Brenan and Stratham, House of Howard , p. 185.
86.Gilbert Burnet, The History of the Reformation of the Church of England (ed. Nicholas Pocock, 7 vols., 1865), I, p. 316.
87. LP , X, 876.
88.Ibid, X, 843.
89.Wriothesley, Chronicle, p. 37.
90.Ibid, pp. 37-8.
91.Hall, Chronicle , pp. 268-9.
92.Chapuys reported that ‘nobody thinks that she [Jane] has much beauty. Her complexion is so white that she may be called rather pale... the said Semel is not very intelligent, and is said to be rather haughty’; LP , X, 901.
93.See, for instance, Agnes Strickland.
3) ‘His Vicious Purpose’: A Tainted Upbringing
     
1.Baldassarre Castiglione, The Book of the Courtier (tr. Leonard Eckstein Opdycke, New York, 1903), p. 65.
2.Lancelot de Carles, lines 55-8.
3.Byrne, Lisle , III, p. 133.
4.Lawrence Stone, Broken Lives: Separation and Divorce in England 1660-1857 (Oxford, 1993), p. 22.
5.Elizabeth Foyster, Manhood in Early Modern England: Honour, Sex, and Marriage (London, 1999), pp. 13-14, 172.
6.Baldwin Smith, A Tudor Tragedy, p. 146.
7.Parts of this closely follow C. Byrne, ‘The Fall of Katherine Howard: Sexual Politics and the Role of Sexual Deviance in the Tudor Court’ (2012), which was submitted to St Hugh’s College, Oxford. I wish to thank that college for their support of this work.
8.Heinrich Kramer and James Sprenger, Malleus Maleficarum (1486, tr. Montague Summers, London, 1928), pp. 41-66, 109-22, 140-44, 227-30.
9.Cited by Denny, Katherine Howard, p. 227.
10.Roper, Oedipus and the Devil, p. 53.
11.Ibid, p. 55.
12. The Catechism of Thomas Becon (ed. John Ayre, Cambridge, 1844), p. 367.
13.Cited by Barstow, Witchcraze, p. 136. It means “A rooster just needs ten hens, but ten men are not enough for a woman.”
14.Linda A. Pollock, ‘Honor, Gender, and Reconciliation in Elite Culture, 1570-1700’, Journal of British Studies 46 (2007).
15.Warnicke, Wicked Women , p. 52.
16.Joy Schroeder, Dinah’s Lament: The Biblical Legacy of Sexual Violence in Christian Interpretations (Minneapolis, 2007), pp. 51, 63, 67, 95-6.
17.PRO, SP I, vol. 167, f. 139.
18.Ibid, f. 138.
19.G. Steinman Steinman, Althorp Memoirs, or Biographical Notices of Lady Denham, the Countess of Shrewsbury, the Countess of Falmouth, Mrs. Jenyns, the Duchess of Tyrconnel, and Lucy Walter, six ladies whose portraits are to be found in the picture gallery of His Excellency Earl Spencer, K.G., K.P. (1869), p. 56.
20.Harris, ‘My Lady’s Chamber’, 247; see also Chapter 1.
21.PRO, SP, I, vol. 167, f. 129; LP , XVI, 1320.
22.Ibid.
23.Ibid, f. 130.
24.Ibid, vol. 168, f. 158; LP, XVI, 1461.
25.Martin Ingram, ‘Child Abuse in Early Modern