Elias says. âWhy couldnât God help me learn how to be a father?â
PART ONE
Weâre Drowning
Take a trip in my mind
see all that Iâve seen,
and youâd be called a
beast, not a human being. . . .
Fuck it, cause thereâs
not much I can do,
thereâs no way out, my
screams have no voice no
matter how loud I shout. . . .
I could be called a
low life, but life ainât
as low as me. Iâm
in juvenile hall headed
for the penitentiary.
GEORGE TREVINO, sixteen, âWho Am I?â
PROLOGUE
Two Boys, Thirty Years, and Other Numbers
Gila County, Arizona
June 8, 1964
A MILDLY irritating, lewdly suggestive telephone call and a fifteen-year-old boy named Gerald Francis Gault: thatâs all it took to bring the nationâs juvenile justice system to its knees.
At the time, Gila County was, to put it charitably, something of a backwater. Arid even in winter, it was a place of trailer parks and gritty two-lane roads peeling ruler straight through the scrubby fry pan of the Upper Sonoran Desert. There are no major cities here. The countyâs principal claims to fame include the fact that Zane Greyâs cabin was located here, and that the county seat, Globe, had a neighborhood so contaminated with asbestos-laden mining debris that the U.S. government had to remove its families and entomb its soil beneath gigantic concrete caps. Conservative and insular, it is safe to say that Gila County has never been the sort of place in which obscene phone calls, even pubescent ones, went over very well. So when young Gerry Gault and a snickering friend decided to while away the afternoon by telephoning a certain Mrs. Cook to tell her just how much they admired her physique, the local sheriff did not hesitate to act on the irate womanâs complaint.
The sheriff hauled the fifteen-year-old to jail that same day, charging him as a juvenile delinquent. No one explained to Gerald his constitutional rights before demanding that he confess. No one offered him a lawyer or adime to make a phone call. No one even took the trouble to tell his parents what had happened. They simply came home from work and found him missing. After canvassing the neighborhood, Geraldâs worried mother and father finally learned their son had been arrested. They went to the county detention hall, where a probation officer reluctantly told them that a court hearing had been scheduled to determine their sonâs fate.
A week later, without any formal charges filed and without ever hearing any testimony from the simmering Mrs. Cook, or anyone else, for that matterâin other words, without any actual evidence against the boyâthe juvenile court judge for Gila County pronounced Gerald guilty and proclaimed him a delinquent.
During the hearing, the judge forced Gerald to testifyâthere would be no claiming the Fifth in his courtroom, thank you. Then, when the boy failed to incriminate himself sufficiently, the judge proclaimed him âhabitually immoral.â The judge based this finding upon his vague recollection of an allegation two years earlierânever proven or even heard in courtâthat Gerald took another boyâs baseball bat and glove. Again, this ruling was made without evidence or testimony from anyone.
An adult found guilty of making such a lewd phone callâa misdemeanor roughly as serious as running a stop signâcould have been fined five to fifty dollars or, in rare instances, could have received a brief jail sentence under Arizona law in effect at the time. But the consequences for a juvenile judged guilty of such a charge and designated habitually immoral were profoundly different. As Geraldâs horrified parents sat in the judgeâs chambers, stunned and intimidated into silence, the judge sentenced the boy to the state of Arizonaâs juvenile prison for up to six years.
Gerald had no attorney to represent him at this hearing, nor was he