if they ever wanted to cross the river on their way to Lexington and Concord. As Revere noted, âFrom these movements we expected something serious was to be transacted.â
Trapped in Boston
âS o Revere and his fellow spies knew the British were about to do âsomething serious.â But what?
It really wasnât that hard to guess. Everyone knew about the weapons in Concord, and everyone knew that King George wanted them destroyed. Everyone also knew that the king wanted John Hancock and Samuel Adams arrested. British soldiers made no secret of their hostile feelings for Hancock and Adams. One popular British marching chant went like this (you can sing along to the tune of âYankee Doodleâ):
âAs for their King, John Hancock, and Adams if theyâre taken, their heads for signs shall hang on high, upon that hill called Beacon.â
It doesnât exactly rhyme, but you get the point: Hancock and Adams were wanted men. Any time your head is hanging up as a sign, itâs not good.
On the night of April 18, British soldiers were gathering by the river. Revere and friends knew what they had to do. First: warn Hancock and Adams that British soldiers were on their way to arrest them. Second: alert the people of Concord that the British were coming to destroy the weapons stored there.
Easier said than done. Boston was nearly surrounded by water, so to get out of the city they had to either cross the Charles River or make it over the thin strip of land called Boston Neck. And of course,
Gage knew that Revere and other express riders would try to get a warning out to Lexington and Concord. Gage issued strict orders to his men: let no one out of Boston tonight! He moved the warship Somerset into the river to block any exit by boat. He placed a string of soldiers across Boston Neck (it was only sixty yards wide). He even sent out groups of British officers on horseback, pistols hidden under their coats, to patrol the road to Lexington and Concord.
âTwo if by Seaâ
T here was a real chance that no one would be able to get out of Boston with a warning for the nearby towns. But donât worry: Revere and friends had a back-up plan. They arranged to send a secret signal by lighting lanterns at the top of Old North Church in Boston. The lanterns would be visible across the Charles River in Charlestown. This way, if no one could get out of Boston with the latest news, at least people in Charlestown could begin spreading the alarm that the British were on their way.
It was agreed that one lantern would mean the British were
marching out by land, over Boston Neck. Two lanterns would mean the British were coming by water, over the Charles River. Yes, these are the âOne if by land, and two if by seaâ lanterns from the famous Henry Wadsworth Longfellow poem.
The guy who volunteered to hang the lanterns was a young sexton at Old North Church, Robert Newman. A sexton cleans up the place, rings the church bells, stuff like that. Newman didnât like the job, but he kept it, he said, âbecause times are so hard.â
Now it was just before ten oâclock, and Newman was ready for action. The first thing he did was say good night to his mom. And not just because he was a good son. British officers were renting rooms in the family house, and at this moment they were sitting around playing cards in the living room. Newman wanted the officers to think he was going to bed for the evening. In fact, he went up to his room, climbed out the window, climbed over the roof, and jumped down into the dark shadows in front of the church.
Revere found Newman there at a little after ten oâclock. Maybe Revere held up two fingers to silently show Newman that the British were moving out by waterâthis was clear by now, since the British soldiers were already gathering by the river. Newman knew what to do. He used his keys to unlock the church doors. He took two lanterns from the