FBI Handbook of Crime Scene Forensics Read Online Free

blood, semen, saliva, body tissue, and hairs that have tissue at their root ends. The power of nDNA testing done by the DNA Analysis Unit I (DNAUI) lies in its ability to potentially identify an individual as being the source of the DNA obtained from an evidence item to a reasonable degree of scientific certainty, as well as the definitive power of exclusion. Additionally, where appropriate, the DNA-typing results from evidence items (including items related to missing persons) examined in the DNAUI may be uploaded into the Combined DNA Index System (CODIS) database.
    Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) is typically analyzed in evidence containing naturally shed hairs, hair fragments, bones, and teeth. Typically, these items contain low concentrations of degraded DNA, making them unsuitable for nDNA examinations. The high sensitivity of mtDNA analysis allows scientists to obtain information from old items of evidence associated with cold cases, samples from mass disasters, and small pieces of evidence containing little biological material. Additionally, the maternal inheritance of mtDNA allows scientists to compare a mtDNA profile to reference samples from that person’s mother, brother(s), sister(s), or any other maternally related individuals. All of these individuals have the same mtDNA profiles because all maternal relatives inherit their mtDNA from their mother. Because multiple individuals can have the same mtDNA type, unique identifications are not possible using mtDNA analysis. However, mtDNA performed by the DNA Analysis Unit II is an excellent technique to use for obtaining information when nDNA analysis is not feasible. Additionally, the mtDNA-typing results related to missing-person cases may be uploaded into the CODIS database.
    Questions concerning nuclear DNA testing should be directed to 703-632-8446. Questions concerning mitochondrial DNA testing should be directed to 703-632-7572. Follow the evidence submission directions, including Requesting Evidence Examinations and Packaging and Shipping Evidence.
    Case Acceptance Policy of the DNA Analysis Unit I
The DNAUI accepts FBI cases for serological and nDNA analysis. FBI cases are prioritized according to the FBI’s priorities of counterterrorism; cyber-based/high-technology crimes; public corruption; civil rights; transnational/national criminal organizations/ enterprises; major white-collar crime; significant violent crime; and support of local, state, federal, and international agencies. This includes examinations that characterize biological stains and may identify the source of a stain on an evidentiary item.
The DNAUI accepts cases from FBI field offices and legal attachés (LEGATs); other federal agencies (e.g., Bureau of Indian Affairs, DEA); U.S. attorneys’ offices; military tribunals; and duly constituted state, county, and municipal law enforcement agencies in the United States and its territories. The DNAUI also accepts cases that are submitted to the Laboratory from international law enforcement agencies through the FBI LEGATs.
Cases are accepted provided that:
The submitting agency is not served by another government forensic DNA laboratory.
The submitted case has not been examined previously by another laboratory.
    Case Consideration Policy
The DNAUI supports the National Missing Person DNA Database (NMPDD) Program. Cases must be submitted through an NMPDD Program Manager for entry into the Biological Relatives of Missing Persons or Unidentified Human Remains Indexes. The NMPDD provides investigators with an opportunity to identify missing and unidentified persons on a national level.
The DNAUI maintains the Federal Convicted Offender (FCO) Program, which supports the collection and nDNA analysis of samples collected from more than 500 sites across the United States.
The DNAUI requires known reference sample(s) for comparison with evidence materials. DNA profiles located in the National DNA Index System (NDIS) Convicted Offender database cannot be used