Minneapolis
Star Tribune
, March 6, 1990.
61 . Toni Stone interview with Jean Hastings Ardell, April 1992. Ardell shared interview notes with author June 22, 2009.
62 . Bob Motley with Byron Motley,
Ruling Over Monarchs, Giants & Stars
(Champaign, IL: Sports Publishing, 2007), 112.
63 .
Kansas City Call
, July 31, 1953;
Kansas City Call
, August 7, 1953;
Chicago Defender
, July 16, 1953;
Chicago Defender
, July 30, 1953.
64 . “Lady Ball Player,” 52.
65 . Pollock, 245–246.
66 . Toni Stone interview with Kyle McNary, September 1993. McNary private archive.
67 . Belva T. Simmons,
Saint Louis Argus
, July 31, 1953.
68 . Pollock, 255.
69 . Belva T. Simmons,
Saint Louis Argus
, July 31, 1953.
70 .
St. Louis Globe Democrat
, August 8, 1953.
71 .
Kansas City Call
, August 7, 1953.
72 . Jefferson City (Missouri)
Daily Capitol New
s, August 9, 1953.
Chapter 8: Keep on at It
1 . Langston Hughes, Arnold Rampersad, ed., “Evil,”
The Poems: 1941–1950 (Collected Poems of Langston Hughes, vol. 2)
(Columbia: University of Missouri Press, 2001), 29.
2 . Jefferson City (Missouri)
Daily Capital News
, August 9, 1953;
Kansas City Call
, August 14, 1953; Norfolk (Virginia)
Journal and Guide,
August 22, 1953;
Atlanta Daily World
, August 15, 1953; Baltimore
Afro-American
, August 18, 1953.
3 . Sam Lacy, “A to Z” Baltimore
Afro-American
, July 21, 1953.
4 .
Kansas City Call
, August 14, 1953;
Chicago Defender
, August 13, 1953; Alan Pollock with James A. Riley, ed.,
Barnstorming to Heaven: Syd Pollock and His Great Black Teams
(Tuscaloosa: University of Alabama Press, 2006), 150.
5 .
Kansas City Call
, September 11, 1953;
Chicago Defender
, September 3, 1953.
6 . Cal Jacox, “Press Box,” Norfolk (Virginia)
Journal and Guide
, August 8, 1953; Pollock, 248.
7 . Toni Stone interview with Larry Lester, January 3, 1991. Lester private archive.
8 .
Kansas City Call
, July 10, 1953.
9 . Bill Kruissink, “First Woman in Pro Baseball Remembers,”
Alameda Journal
, April 2, 1996.
10 . Toni Stone interview with Bill Kruissink, March 27, 1996. National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum, Inc., Cooperstown, NY.
11 . Pollock, 256.
12 . Ibid., 239.
13 . Toni Stone interview with Larry Lester.
14 . Toni Stone interview with Kyle McNary, September 1993. McNary private archive.
15 . Pollock, 307, 351.
16 . Ibid., 148.
17 . Ibid., 144.
18 . Toni Stone interview with Larry Lester.
19 . Brent Kelley,
Voices from the Negro Leagues: Conversations with 52 Black Standouts
(Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Company, 1998), 160.
20 . Pollock, 307.
21 . National Visionary Leadership Project, Oral history with Ernie Banks. http://visionaryproject.org/banksernie .
22 . Toni Stone interview with Kyle McNary.
23 . Ibid.
24 . “Lady Ball Player,”
Ebony
, July 1953, 52.
25 . Toni Stone interview with Jean Hastings Ardell. Ardell interview notes shared with author June 22, 2009.
26 . Maria Bartlow-Reed interviews with the author, July 3, 2006, and March 10, 2008.
27 . Ron Thomas, “Baseball Pioneer Looks Back: Woman Played in Negro Leagues,”
San Francisco Chronicle
, August 23, 1991.
28 . Joseph White, “Female Pitcher in Negro Leagues Enjoyed String ’Em Out,”
Seattle Times
, May 10, 1998; Eugene Meyer, “For Love of the Game,”
Washington Post
, February 24, 1999;
Contemporary Black Biography
vol 40, Ashyia Henderson, ed. (Florence, Kentucky: Gale Group Publishing, 2003);
Sports Connection Digest,
October 22, 1999; Mamie Belton Johnson Goodman interview with the author, April 18, 2005; Tom Mashberg, “‘Peanut’ a Big Deal: Was Negro League Pioneer,”
Boston Herald
, July 23, 2000; Jean Hastings Ardell, “Oral History Mamie ‘Peanut’ Johnson: The Last Female Voice of the Negro League,”
Nine
, vol. 10. 1, 185; Charles Rowe, “Pitcher Johnson a